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| 典型错误例析
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作者： 莉莉
发表时间： 2005-8-31 文章出处： (《中国中学生报》第1154期)
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１． 如果你不赶快的话，就赶不上火车了。
误：You won't catch the train if you won't hurry.
正：You won't catch the train if you don't hurry.
析：在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，不使用将来时，从句中的一般将来时用一般现在时表示。
２． 你哥哥上大学前在哪儿学习？
误：Where did he study before your brother went to college?
正：Where did your brother study before he went to college?
析：在含有状语从句的主从复合句中，英语和汉语的习惯不同，汉语把名词放在状语中，英语则要把名词放在主句中，而把代词放在从句中。
３． 因为他病了，所以没去上学。
误：Because he was ill so he didn't go to school.
正：Because he was ill he didn't go to school.
正：He was ill so he didn't go to school.
析：because 是从属连词引导状语从句；so是并列连词，连接的是并列句，不可按汉语“因为…所以…”的习惯将两者套用在一起，在英语中只能用一个。类似此种用法的还有though\although（虽然），不能与but（但是）连用。
４． 因为路程远了点儿 我不得不乘公共汽车。
误：I had to take a bus because it was a bit too far.
正：I had to take a bus because it is a bit too far.
析： 原因状语从句有时可以不受时态一致条件的限制，从句需要什么时态就用什么时态。
５． —我必须现在做这件事情吗？—不必了。
误：—Must I do it now? -No you mustn't.
正：—Must I do it now? -No you needn't.
析：当must作“必须”讲时，在疑问句中征求听话人的意见，表示是否必须做某事，这时肯定答复用must否定答复要用need't.
６． —我可以去上学吗？—不，不可以。
误：—May I go to school now? -No you may not.
正：—May I go to school now? -No you mustn't.
析：may表示“允许”时，否定回答常用mustn't 意为“不可以”。
７． 这个小女孩会说英语。
误：The little girl can speaks Englist.
正：The little girl can speak English.
析：情态动词后应用动词原形。
８． 她会用英语唱这首歌吗？
误：Does she can sing this song in English?
正：Can she sing this song in English?
析：含有情态动词的句子，构成疑问句，否定句时不能再加其它助动词。
９． 我能在午饭前写完这封信。
误：I shall can finish the letter before lunch.
正：I shall finish the letter before lunch.
正：I can finish the letter before lunch.
析：助动词shall和情态动词can不能同时用在一个句子中。
莉莉
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