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| Unit15 Healthy eating
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作者： BX
发表时间： 2005-11-29 文章出处： 互联网
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一、教学目标与要求
通过本单元教学，使学生掌握有关提出建议或忠告的句型，并能应用在实际交往中。用得体的英语，对他人的一些具体问题提出自己的建议或忠告。复习有关看病的用语。通过对课文的学习，了解有关营养与卫生方面的基本常识。并能用自己组织的语言，描写中国食谱与西方食谱之间的差异及优势。完成练习册安排的练习。
二、教学重点与难点
1．重点词汇 examine；advise；contain；score；scores of；discuss；cause；suggestion；in（the）future；be rich in；put on weight；at the end（of）；lose weight
2．重要句型 1）I advise you not to eat fruit that isn’t ripe in future．2）The result isthat many of them become fat．3）There is as much sugar in it as eight pieces of sugar．
3．语法 学习英语中提出建议和忠告的句型
4．日常交际用语 看病（Seeing the doctor）：1）What can I do for you？What was thematter？2）Lie down and let me examine you．3）I’ve got a pain／cough／headache．4）I don’tfeel well．5）There’s something wrong with… 6）Take this medicine three times a day．7）Drink plenty of water and have a good rest．8）Take two pills now and two more in fourhours’time．提出建议和忠告（Making suggestions and giving advice）1）You’d better havea good rest．2）I advise you to do something．3）I advise you not to do something．4）I suggestthat you do…5）Why not do…？6）Why don’t you do…？
三、课型
（一）对话课
Ⅰ．教具 录音机，投影仪；几件简单的医疗器械，如：听诊器等。
Ⅱ．课堂教学设计
1．教师通过以下步骤导入本课：
向学生提出下列问题：1）If you are sick or don’t feel well，where do you have to go？2）What does a doctor do when you go to see him？
由学生讨论以上问题，引出有关看病用语。
2．准备放对话录音。借助投影片打出以下听前提问：
1）What’s wrong with Sharon？2）What did she eat the day before yesterday and whatdid the doctor advise her not to do？
放录音一至两遍，请学生回答上述问题，教师予以必要订正。
Key：1）She has got a pain and couldn’t sleep last night．2）She had a green peach andthe doctor advised her not to eat fruit that is not ripe in future．
根据本课对话内容，教师再提出一些问题，检查学生的理解程度。
1）Why do you think the doctor asked Sharon what she had yesterday？2）Was it seri－ous？How do you know？3）Did the doctor give Sharon any medicine？What did the doctor askSharon to do with the medicine？
3．再次放对话录音，学生跟读。将学生分为两人一组练习对话。数分钟后，请两、三组同学到前面借助听诊器等表演。
教师指导学生归纳本课中有关看病的常用语句（见日常交际用语部分）。组织学生俩人一组，练习书上所列Practice中What does the doctor say for each illness？
4．要求学生将该课对话改写为一篇短文。教师可给予必要的提示。
提示语（用投影仪打出）：1）not sleep well and go to see the doctor；2）ask her what shehad；3）the peach was a bit green；4）might be the problem，not serious；5）advise her notto eat…to eat
将首句给出：Sharon couldn’t sleep well，so she went to see the doctor．
要求学生根据对话，参照老师所给提示及首句，编写短文。
Model：
Sharon couldn’t sleep well，so she went to see the doctor．She told the doctor that shehad a pain．The doctor asked her what she had had the day before．She told the doctor thatshe had had noodles，salad and later a peach．When the doctor asked whether the peach wasripe or green，Sharon said it was a bit green．The doctor then said that might be the prob－lem，but it was nothing serious．She told Sharon to have a good rest and take the medicinethree times a day．And at last she advised Sharon not to eat fruit that wasn’t ripe later．
当堂要求学生完成。请几位同学朗读自己的短文，教师予以讲评。
5．为学生提供几个情景，启发同学运用这部分语言编出新的对话。
情景1：Someone has caught a cold．He played football in the rain for over two hoursand now he is having a fever and a bad cough．The doctor gives him some medicine and askshim to stay in bed for a few days．
情景2：Someone has got a stomachache and does not feel like eating．The cause is thathe likes eating cold food．The doctor gives him some medicine and tells him not to eat foodthat is cold．
数分钟后，请同学表演对话，教师予以讲评。
6．布置作业 1）预习第58、59课；2）完成练习册中安排的练习。
（二）阅读理解课（Ⅰ）
Ⅰ．教具 录音机，投影仪。
Ⅱ．课堂教学设计
1．检查生词及短语。
2．教师通过以下提问导入正课：Every day we eat a lot of food，fruit and vegetables．Can you tell us what you usually have every day？
提问几个学生。
A．What do you usually have for breakfast／lunch／supper？
B．Do you have a lot of fat／sugar？
C．Do you think it is good to eat a lot of fat／sugar？Please give your ideas．
D．Do you have any suggestions／advice on what a good，healthy diet is？
3．准备阅读课文。教师给出读前提问：1）According to this passage，what should healthyfood contain？2）Why do many western people have bad teeth？
教师给学生数分钟，要求学生快速阅读课文。之后请同学回答上述问题。
Key：1）Healthy food should contain some fat，some fibre，a little salt and so on．2）Be－cause they eat a lot of sugar in the form of cakes，soft drinks，sweets and so on．
4．放课文录音，学生跟读一至两遍。教师用投影仪打出以下statements，要求学生判断其正误。并对错误的statements进行修改。
1）The foods that people eat should contain some fibre，a little salt but no fat．2）Peopleneed energy to live and the energy comes from the food they eat．3）The energy is measuredby kilos．4）When you are sleeping，you’re not using energy．5）The Chinese diet is consid－ered to be rich in fibre and low in sugar and fat．6）The Chinese eat more sugar than manyother countries in the world．7）People in the western world lose weight very easily becauseof their diet．8）From the text we know that both the Chinese diet and the western diet arehealthy ones．
Key：1）False（The foods that people eat should contain some fat．）2）True 3）False（The energy is measured in calories．）4）False（Even when you are asleep，you are still us－ing energy．）5）True 6）False（The Chinese eat less sugar than many other countries in theworld．）7）False（People in the western world put on weight very easily because of their di－et．）8）False（The Chinese diet should be considered as a healthy diet．）
5．组织学生俩人一组，相互交流学习本课课文之后，对什么是健康食品、健康饮食等发表看法。检查自己平时饮食有无需要改进之处。教师可给予必要的提示。
提示语（用投影仪打出）：1）Do you eat a lot of fat very often？2）Do you like eating sweetfood？3）Do you prefer to eat something and hate to eat something else？4）Do you often havesoft drink instead of water？5）Is there anyone who does not like eating vegetables？6）Is thereany healthy food that you never eat？7）Do you often drink milk in the morning？8）What areyou going to do in the future？
学生先在小组内交流并相互启发、补充，然后请学生在班上交流。
6．布置作业 1）复述课文；2）完成练习册中所安排的练习。
阅读理解课（Ⅱ）
Ⅰ．教具 录音机，投影仪。
Ⅱ．课堂教学设计
1．通过提问温习第58课内容：1）What should healthy food contain？2）How is energymeasured？3）What does the Chinese diet contain？4）Why do lots of Chinese people havewhite teeth？5）Why do people in the western world put on weight very easily？6）What doestheir diet contain？
2．检查课文复述。
3．课堂讨论：
假设在一条街上，面对面开有两个饭馆，一个是中餐馆，另一个是西式快餐店。你很饿了，要去哪家，为什么？
Suppose there are two restaurants opposite to each other in a street．One serves Chinesefood while the other serves western food．Now you are very hungry and which restaurantyou will choose？Please give reasons．
组织学生讨论，板书双方的理由。哪方罗列的理由多即获胜，以此鼓励大家踊跃发言。
4．准备阅读第59课，教师给出读前提问：1）What opened on Wang Fujing Street in1992？2）Why do many Westerners die at an early age from heart illnesses？
教师给学生两分钟，要求学生快速阅读课文。之后请同学回答上述问题。
Key：1）A new hamburger restaurant opened on Wang Fujing Street in 1992．
2）Because they always eat food that is high in fat，sugar and salt．
放课文录音，学生跟读一至两遍。
5．组织学生讨论本课Part 2和Part 3。数分钟后，学生在班上交流，教师予以讲评。
6．布置作业1）将两课内容结合，口头描述健康食品和健康饮食这一话题；2）完成练习册中所安排的练习。
（三）语言训练课
Ⅰ．教具 投影仪。
Ⅱ．课堂教学设计
1．教师检查课文复述。
2．教师从本单元词语中选择部分常见词语，配以例句介绍给学生。要求学生反复练习这些例句，并请同学造句，教师予以讲评订正。
词语：examine；advise；diet；change into；measure；burn up；might be doing some－thing；as much as；be considered（to be）；be rich／low in；because of；in the form of；scores of；die from；die of
例句：1）The boy lay down and the doctor examined him carefully．2）I advise you notto read in bed，because it’s bad for your eyes．3）She said she couldn’t eat chocolate becauseshe was on a diet．4）Long years of hard work changed him into an old sick man．5）Theymeasured the chemistry lab and found it was 8 metres long and 5.5 metres wide．6）Let’sburn up all this waste paper．7）He went to the school gate in a hurry，thinking that Jimmight be waiting for him there．8）He could earn as much as 300 dollars a month．9）He isconsidered（to be）a selfish man．10）The northern part of our country is rich in coal．11）The competition was held indoors because of the rain．12）Cars pollute the air in the form ofwaste gas．13）Scores of people went to the show．14）He died from hunger and cold．15）The old man died of cancer．
3．本单元另一日常交际用语项目为提出建议和忠告。可由学生归纳出表达该项目的常用语句：
1）I advise you to／not to do something．2）You’d better do／not do something．3）I sug－gest（that）you do something．4）Why not do something？Why don’t you do something？
也可为学生提供几个情景，启发同学运用这部分语言进行对话练习。
情景1：Someone is too fat．He eats too much meat and he likes to eat sweets a lot．Helikes watching others play games but he never joins them．Whenever he does something，hehas to take a rest every five minutes…
情景2：Someone is too thin．Very often she doesn’t feel like eating．She eats vegetablesonly because she doesn’t want to put on weight．But she often feels tired．She wants to playsome games but she is too weak．
4．书面表达练习
教师要求学生从课文中找出中国饮食和西方饮食两种食谱的不同点，加以比较。
英文提示（用投影片打出）：
The Chinese diet：1）the healthiest one in the world；2）a lot of fruit and green vegeta－bles；3）rich in fibre and low in sugar and fat
The diet of the western countries：1）too much fat and sugar．2）lots of fat in the formof potato crisps，potato chips，etc．3）A lot of sugar in the form of cakes，soft drinks，etc．4）the result of having western diet
七、八分钟后，请几位同学朗读自己的短文，教师予以讲评。
5．布置作业 1）预习第16单元；2）完成练习册中安排的练习。
四、难句分析
1．At the doctor’s在医生诊所
英文中常用从事某行业的人的所有格来表示他所工作的地方，如：at the doctor’s就相当于at the doctor’s clinic。
类似用法的词组还有：at the barber’s在理发店；at the tailor’s在裁缝铺；at the baker’s在面包店
2．I advise you not to eat fruit that isn’t ripe in future．我建议你以后别吃不熟的水果。
I suggest that you drink plenty of water and have a good rest．我建议你喝充足的水并且好好休息。
1）“advise”和“suggest”都是“建议”的意思，但它们在句中的结构完全不同。
“advise”用于下面的结构中：“advise sb．to do sth．”or“advise sb．not to do sth．”例如：
What do you advise me to do？你建议我做什么呢？
The doctor advised me to take more exercise in order to lose weight．医生建议我多锻炼以便减肥。
而“suggest”后经常跟动名词和从句。例如：
The secretary suggested that I（should）come another day．秘书建议我改天再来。
Mother suggested that I（should）wear a coat．妈妈建议我穿件大衣。
I suggest doing it in a different way．我建议用不同的方法做这件事。
I suggest bringing the meeting to an end．我建议结束会议。
2）“in future”的意思是“from now on”（从今以后），强调现在。例如：
I hope you will be more careful in future and won’t make the same mistake again．我希望今后你更加小心，不再犯同样的错误。
In future you are not allowed to go out alone．今后不准许你独自出去。
而“in the future”指的是将来的某个时候，意思是“将来”。例如：
No one knows what will happen in the future．没人知道将来会发生什么事。
I want to be a scientist in the future．将来我想当科学家。
3．The energy is measured in calories．
这里“in”的意思是“以……”“用……”，介词in+计量单位的复数形式表示计算或量度的标准。例如：
In Britain，the weight is generally measured in pounds．在英国，重量通常以磅来计算。
The distance in space is told in light years．宇宙中的距离是以光年来计算的。
4．It’s rich in fiber and low in sugar and fat．中国的饮食含有很多的纤维，而糖和脂肪的含量却很少。
“be rich in”的意思是“在……方面丰富（多）”，它的反义词组是“be low in”，“在……方面少”。例如：
In Britain，the weight is generally measured in pounds．在英国，重量通常以磅来计算。
The distance in space is told in light years．宇宙中的距离是以光年来计算的。
4．It’s rich in fiber and low in sugar and fat．中国的饮食含有很多的纤维，而糖和脂肪的含量却很少。
“be rich in”的意思是“在……方面丰富（多）”，它的反义词组是“be low in”，“在……方面少”。例如：
That area is rich in coal and oil．那个地区盛产煤和石油。
I advise you to eat a diet that is low in sugar and fat．我建议你吃糖少和低脂肪的食物。
一般的说，“be＋adj．+in”结构常用来表示“在……方面的特征”。例如：
He seems to be strons in appearance，but actually he is unhealthy．他表面上看来很强壮，但事实上他并不健康。
The computer is small in size but high in speed．这种计算机体积小，但速度很快。
5．Their diet contains a lot of fat in the form of potato crisps，…他们的食物有炸土豆……，这些都含有大量的脂肪。
“in the form of”意思是“以……形式”。例如：
He made the suggestion in the form of a question．他以提问的形式提出建议。
His family story is told in the form of a play．他的家史是以戏剧的形式来叙述的。
6．In some parts of Britain，one person in ten，by the age of thirty，has no teeth left．在英国有些地方，十分之一的人年纪不到30牙齿就脱没了。
“one person in ten”意思是“十个人中有一个人”。例如：
Nine in ten people agreed with us．十分之九的人同意我们的意见。
上述句子中的介词“in”可以用介词短语“out of”代替。例如：
Nine out of ten people agreed with us．十分之九的人同意我们的意见。
7．Scores of people went there in the first few days after its opening．开张后的头几天，许许多多的人到那家餐馆去吃饭。
1）“score”的意思是“二十”， 如：three score years ago（六十年前），但“scores of”则为固定词组，作“许多”解。例如：
I have been there scores of times．我去过那里很多次了。
Scores of people went out of the factory．很多人从工厂走出来。
2）“first”后跟复数名词时，不作“第一个”解，而作“头几个”或“头一批”解。例如：
For the first few weeks，they didn’t talk to each other．头几个星期，他们彼此没讲过话。
He was one of the first people to arrive here．他是首批到达这里的人中的一位。
8．Which food do you think is healthy？你认为哪种食物是健康的？
上句中的“do you think”是插入语，插在特殊疑问句的中间，前后不必用逗号分开。例如：
What do you think I should do？你认为我应该做什么？
What do you think is the proper time for us to start？你认为我们什么时间出发合适呢？
还有一些短句子也可以作插入语。例如：I think，I hope， I’m afraid，I believe，you know等，这些插入语通常要用逗号分开。例如：
This diet，I think，will be good for your health．我想这种饮食对你的健康有好处。
It won’t be raining long，I hope．我希望雨不会下得很久。
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