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| Unit 19 Jobs
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作者： BX
发表时间： 2005-11-29 文章出处： 互联网
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一、教学目标与要求
通过本单元教学，使学生继续学习定语从句的用法，并对限制性定语从句进行小结。学生应能较为熟练地运用定语从句表达较为复杂的思想内容。从本单元对话中学生应能掌握表示判断与意见的用语。通过对课文的学习，向学生介绍男女平等这一主题，并了解妇女受歧视的情况及带来的后果。学生应能用英语从不同角度讲述故事中主人公的经历。
二、教学重点与难点
1．重点词汇design；remove；refuse；pretend；promise；support；pick up；to one’ssurprise；call at；look down upon
2．重要句型 1） Are there any jobs which women don’t do？ 2） It seems that it’s moredifficult for women to get to the top of a company．3）His job was to design new machines．4） Unless you tell me， I shall not be able to help you． 5） I had to lie to the company and pre-tend to be a man in order to get a job．
3．语法 定语从句（4）： 1） Mr．King，whose legs were badly hurt，was taken to hospi-tal． 2）The boss in whose department Mr．King worked called at the hospital．3）The bossof the company，whose name was Mr．Little，told the story．
4．日常交际用语 判断和意见（Judgement and opinions）： 1） I guess men’s hands andfingers are too big！ 2） I am sure men are better at making computers than women．3） In myopinion women are better teachers than men．4） I can believe that／I agree． 5）Do you thinkso？／ I don’t agree．
三、课型
（一）对话课
Ⅰ．教具 录音机，投影仪。
Ⅱ．课堂教学设计
1．Warm-up：向学生提出下列问题：1） When talking about jobs，what can you think of？2） Do you think men and women should be equal？3） Do you think that women can do every-thing that men do？ Give examples．
学生讨论以上问题，教师鼓励尽可能多的人发表看法，并在必要时给予帮助。
2．准备放对话录音。借助投影片打出以下听前提问： 1） What jobs do women do inBritain？ 2） Are there jobs that men can’t do very well？
放录音一至两遍，请学生回答上述问题，教师予以必要订正。
Key：1）They do all kinds of jobs in Britain．2）Yes，there really are．
根据本课对话内容，教师再提出一些问题，检查学生的理解程度。
1） Please give some examples to show that women can do all kinds of jobs in Britain．2） Do you think that men and women are exactly the same in getting jobs in Britain？ Pleasegive examples．3）Please give examples to show that there are some jobs that men can’t dovery well．
Key：1）In Britain you can find women police officers，women doctors，teachers，engi-neers，farmers and so on．2）Not exactly．For example：there are more men than women sci-entists．And more men than women are heads of companies．
3．再次放对话录音，学生跟读。将学生分为两人一组练习对话。数分钟后，请两、三组同学到前面表演。
经数分钟练习后，教师可请几位同学到前面进行表演，教师予以讲评。
教师指导学生归纳在本课中有关提出判断和意见的常用语句（见日常交际用语部分）。也可为学生设计一些情景，启发同学运用这部分语言编写对话。
情景 1： In your class boys are generally good at subjects like maths， physics and chem-istry while girls are much better at Chinese，English and history．You are supposed to giveyour own opinions about this．
情景 2： Nowadays many students prefer to listen to walkman while coming to school orgoing home，even at very busy and noisy streets．It seems that whenever they are out theywould bring with them their walkman and keep listening．Please give your own judgementsand opinions about this．
4．要求学生将该课对话改写为一篇短文。教师可给予必要的提示。
提示语：1）women，all kinds of jobs；2）give examples；3）more men than women scien-tists；4）men can’t do some jobs well；5）give examples
教师给出首句： Women do all kinds of jobs in Britain．
要求学生根据对话，参照教师所给提示及首句，编写短文。
Model：
Women do all kinds of jobs in Britain．For example，there are women police officers，women doctors， teachers，engineers，farmers and so on．Yet there are more men than wom-en scientists．And more men than women are heads of companies．It seems that it’s more dif-ficult for women to get to the top of a company．But，on the other hand，there are some jobsthat men can’t do very well．For example，companies that make telephones and computersprefer to employ women．
当堂要求学生完成，如时间允许，可请几位同学朗读自己的短文，教师予以讲评。
5．布置几个讨论题，由学生认真准备，在下次课上大家讨论。
Topics for discussion：1）Do you think that men and women are equal in your town／place？ 2） Can women get jobs easily in your town／place？ 3） Can all the girls go to school inyour place？ 4） Who does more housework in your family，your mother or father？
6．布置作业 1）预习第74、75课；2）准备讨论题；3）完成练习册中安排的练习。
（二）阅读理解课（Ⅰ）
Ⅰ．教具 录音机，投影仪。
Ⅱ．课堂教学设计
1．检查生词及短语。
2．就上一节课布置的讨论题，展开讨论。引出本课话题。
3．教师给出读前提问：1）What happened to Mr．King one day？2）Why was the bossof Mr．King’s department surprised when he got to the hospital？
教师给学生数分钟，要求学生快速阅读课文。之后请同学回答上述问题。
Key： 1） Mr． King had an accident one day．A worker drove a small handtruck so care-lessly that it hit the back of Mr． King’s legs． 2） Because the person at the front desk toldhim that Mr．King had been put in Women’s Room 31．
4．放课文录音，学生跟读一至两遍。教师就课文内容提问，检查学生的理解程度（可参阅练习册中所列出的问题）
5．教师用投影仪打出以下表格，学生利用课文中所提供的信息填写表格，从而加深对本课内容的理解：
学生先在小组内交流并相互启发、补充，然后请学生在班上交流。
6．布置作业 1）复述课文；2）完成练习册中所安排的练习。
阅读理解课（Ⅱ）
Ⅰ．教具 录音机，投影仪。
Ⅱ．课堂教学设计
1．检查学生课文朗读和复述。
2．教师用投影仪打出以下statements，要求学生判断其正误。并对错误的statements进行修改。
1） The story happened in a company in Australia several years ago．2）Mr．King，one ofthe best engineers，was very good at building new machines．3） One day Mr．King had an ac-cident because he was careless．4）The doctor asked him to let him examine his legs．5）Mr．King refused to take off his trousers and everybody understood why．6） Mr．King was in factMs King．She had lied to the company because she wanted to work there．
Key：1） False（The story happened in a company in Australia many years ago．）2） False（Mr．King’s job was to design new machines．） 3） False（ A careless worker drove a smallhandtruck and it hit the back of Mr．King’s legs．） 4）True 5） False（Everybody was sur-prised that Mr．King refused to take off his trousers．） 6） True
3．准备阅读课文第二部分。教师给出读前提问： 1） Why did they hold a meeting the nextday？ 2）According to Mr．Pattis， what is the only reason to offer someone a job？
教师给学生数分钟，要求学生快速阅读课文。之后请同学回答上述问题。
Key： 1） They held a meeting the next day in order to discuss the problem of Mr King．2） According to him， the only reason to offer someone a job is that he or she can do the jobbetter than anyone else．
4．放课文录音，学生跟读一至两遍。教师就课文内容提问，检查学生的理解程度（可参阅练习册中所列出的问题）
5．讨论题：1）Do you think Ms King would be able to go on working at the Notco Com-pany after she was well again？ Please give your ideas． 2）Explain why Mr．Little wanted toask Ms King to leave the company． Do you agree with him or not？ Please give your explana-tions．
学生先在小组内讨论。数分钟后，学生在班上交流。教师不必规定答案，鼓励学生积极发表自己的看法。
6．布置作业 1）将两课内容结合，讲述这个故事；2）完成练习册中所安排的练习。
（三）语言训练课
Ⅰ．教具 投影仪。
Ⅱ．课堂教学设计
1．教师检查课文复述。
2．教师从本单元词语中选择部分常见词语，配以例句介绍给学生。要求学生反复练习这些例句，并请同学造句，教师予以讲评订正。
词语：fair；pick up；design；remove；to one’s surprise；refuse；pretend；call at；for amoment or two；look down upon；promise；support
例句：1） He didn’t think the arrangement was fair．2）The baby tried to pick the toy up，but failed．3） He is designing a church for the village people．4）He removed his eyes fromthe picture and looked out of the window．5）To the teacher’s surprise，the boy could recitethe text fairly well this time．6）She refused to tell her age．7）He pretended not to see me．8） We called at his house yesterday afternoon．9）For a moment or two，he was silent．10）Don’t look down upon the working people．11）Dad promised to buy me a dictionary as mybirthday present．12）His family supported him in his decision．
3．分角色复述课文。
教师提供不同的角色，由不同学生扮演，从各个角度讲述本篇故事。
英文提示（用投影片打出）：Role 1：Suppose you were the doctor．Say something aboutyour strange patient that day．
将首句给出： That afternoon some workers brought a patient to my room．
Model：
That afternoon some workers brought a patient to my room．He was seriously hurt inthe legs．And I could see that his legs were bleeding and his face was pale．I asked him to re-move his trousers so that I could have a careful examination of his legs．To my surprise，herefused．Nobody understood why．I said to him，“Please tell me what the problem is．Un-less you tell me，I shall not be able to help you．”
The worker then told me that she was a woman！She had to lie to the company and pre-tended to be a man in order to get a job．And she asked me not to tell anyone else…
Role 2：Supposc you were Ms King．Tell the story of your own．
将首句给出： I’m Ms King． Before I went to the Notco Company，I had tried for monthsto get a good job as an engineer．
Model：
I’m Ms King．Before I went to the Notco Company，I had tried for months to get a goodjob as an engineer．But it was impossible to get a job as a woman．So I cut my hair short，bought some men’s clothes， used a man’s name and finally got a job in this company．I’veworked very hard and my boss said I was one of the best workers in the team．
But one day I had an accident．My legs were badly hurt and I was taken to hospital．Adoctor wanted me to remove my trousers，for he wanted to examine my legs． How could I？At first I refused．But later，I changed my mind and told the doctor my secret．
七、八分钟后，请几位同学分角色复述课文，教师予以讲评。
4．布置作业 1）预习第20单元；2）完成练习册中安排的练习。
四、难句分析
1．There are women police officers，women doctor’s， teachers，engineers，farmers，andso on．有女警官、女医生、女教师、女工程师、女农场主等等。
在表示女性和男性的职位时，英语中用“woman／man+职位名词”的复合名词。
这两个名词的单复数要一致，例如：
a woman doctor—two women doctors a man teacher—two men teachers
a woman engineer—women engineers a man farmer—men farmers
2．It seems that it’s more difficult for women to get to the top of a company．看来妇女要达到公司的最高职位更困难。
1）“It seems that...”是一个常用句型，句型中的“it”是无人称代词，本身并无词汇意义。“seem”的意思是“似乎／好像／看来”。利用这个句型可使that从句中所表达的意思变得不太肯定，或使语气变得较委婉。试比较：
Nobody knew what had happened．没人知道所发生的事。（语气肯定）
It seemed that nobody knew what had happened．看来没人知道所发生的事。（语气委婉）
Boys are more interested in computer．男孩们对电脑更感兴趣。（语气肯定）
It seems that boys are more interested in computer．看来男孩们对电脑更感兴趣。（语气委婉）
2）“It is＋adj．＋for sb．to do sth．”也是一种很有用的句型。句型中的“it”是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式复合结构for sb．to do sth．。用不定式复合结构作主语时，介词for的宾语是它后边不定式的逻辑主语。例如：
It’s impossible for you to understand all this．You are too young．你们不可能明白所有这一切，你们太小了。
It’s difficult for us to catch up with them．We’re falling behind．我们很难追上他们。我们落后了。
不定式的复合结构也有用“of sb．to do sth．”的，后者表示称赞或责备某人做了某事。
例如：
It’s kind of you to invite me to the party．承蒙邀请，不胜感激。（表称赞）
It’s silly of you to ask such a question．你提出这样的问题，实在是太傻了。（表责备）
3．Mr．King，whose legs were badly hurt，was quickly taken to hospital．金先生的腿受了重伤，很快就被送到医院去了。
“whose legs were badly hurt”是一个非限定性定语从句，用来说明Mr．King的情况，（其中的“whose”作定语修饰legs），当非限制性定语从句插在主句的中间，前后用逗号隔开，这样的定语从句译成汉语时通常分开来译成两个句子。例如：
The child，whose mother died recently，is taken good care of by his teachers．那个孩子的母亲最近去世了，他受到了老师们的很好照顾。
She has five children，three of them have gone abroad．她有五个孩子，三个已经出国了。
限定性定语从句对先行词起修饰限定的作用，主句和从句的关系密切，译成汉语时通常译成一个句子。例如：
I’d like to take care of the child whose mother died recently．我想照顾最近母亲去世的那个孩子。
4．Unless you tell me，I shall not be able to help you．除非你告诉我，否则我就不会帮助你。（或：如果你不告诉我，我就不会帮助你。）
unless是从属连词，引导表示条件的状语从句。unless意为：除非，否则……，其本身具有否定意义。相当于if...not。可以这样认为：unless you tell me...=if you don’t tell me。在译为汉语时，可以灵活些。再如：
We can not have a wonderful trip unless we make out a careful plan．除非我们制定一个详细的计划，否则我们不可能有一个愉快的旅行。
You will not be able to make any progress in your English study unless you practisehard every day．如果你不天天练习，你就不会在英语学习上取得进步。
5．本单元出现了三个由关系代词whose引导的定语从句。
The boss of the company，whose name was Mr．Little，told the story about MsKing...公司老板Little先生讲了有关King女士的情况……
We shall have to make a decision about Ms King，whose story I have just told you．关于King女士的情况我刚才已经告诉你们了，我们得对她的事情作出决定。
Then Mr．Pattis，in whose department Ms King worked，said...接着，King女士工作的那个部门的经理Pattis先生说......
由关系代词whose引导的定语从句是本单元的语法重点。“whose”作“……的”解，它在从句中作定语，修饰从句的主语、宾语或介词宾语。例如：
The woman whose umbrella you took is very angry about it．雨伞被你拿走的那个妇女十分生气。
Chopin，whose works are world－famous，composed some of his music in this room．肖邦的作品举世闻名，他的某些乐曲是在这个房间谱写的。
The gentleman，with whose daughter I worked，looked down upon women．那位先生的女儿曾和我一起工作，他看不起妇女。
6．I don’t agree with your decision．我不同意你的决定。
“agree with”做“同意”解，后面可以跟人（agree with sb．），表示“同意某人意见”，也可以跟事（agree with sth．），表示同意某事，这个“事”指的是意见、想法、观点、决定等。例如：
In a way I agree with the monitor．从某种角度说我同意班长的看法。
They might not agree with her opinions．他们可能不同意她的主张。
I completely agree with your views on the problem．我完全同意你对这个问题的看法。
表示同意某事还可以用“agree to sth．”。但这个“某事”常指建议、安排、条件等。例如：
The boss of the company won’t agree to this arrangement．公司老板不会同意这个安排的。
It is impossible for us to agree to your terms．我们不可能同意你的条件。
跟介词on或upon，表示：就……取得一致意见；在……方面同意或意见一致。例如：
We agreed on the question．我们就这个问题取得一致意见。
I met the new manager today and found that we agree on basic policies．今天我遇见了新经理，发现我们在基本政策上意见一致。
7．But we have never had women working in this part of our company before．但是我们以前从来没有让女人在我们公司的这个部门工作过。
句中have sb．doing sth．表示：让某人做某事；让某种情况发生。例如：
The police officer tried to have the boy talking，but no use．那位警官试图让这个男孩开口说话，但没用。
I’ll have you all speaking English well within a year．我将在一年内使你们讲一口流利的英语。
The professor soon had all his students laughing．教授不大一会儿就使学生笑了起来。
这个结构的否定式表示：不能让，不允许。例如：
I won’t have you shouting at me that way．我不允许你那样冲我大喊大叫。
We can’t have that sort of thing happening．我们不能让这种事发生。
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